Farashin Kayan Danye Ya Ci Gaba Da Ƙaruwa, Masana'antar Kayan Lantarki ta Duniya Na Fuskantar Matsi Mai Girma

Tun daga ƙarshen shekarar 2025, farashin ƙarfe na asali kamar jan ƙarfe, azurfa, da tin, da kuma muhimman kayayyaki kamar wafers, sun tashi sosai, wanda hakan ya haifar da matsin lamba ga farashi mai sarkakiya a masana'antar kayan lantarki ta duniya. Tare da buƙatar da ake da ita a fannin fasahar sarrafa kwamfuta ta AI da sabbin motocin makamashi, masana'antar tana fuskantar sauye-sauye a tsarinta, kuma kamfanoni a manyan da ƙananan yankuna suna fuskantar ƙalubale masu tsanani.

A cewar bayanan masana'antu, ya zuwa ƙarshen Maris 2026, farashin azurfa na duniya ya karu da fiye da kashi 270% idan aka kwatanta da farkon 2025, farashin tin ya karu da kusan kashi 88%, farashin jan ƙarfe ya karu da fiye da kashi 45%, kuma farashin kayan core raw foil na jan ƙarfe 1# ya tashi da fiye da kashi 12% cikin rabin shekara. Waɗannan kayan sune ainihin kayan thermistors da diodes, wanda ke haifar da ƙaruwar farashin samar da kamfanoni kai tsaye, kuma ƙananan masana'antu da matsakaitan masana'antu da yawa sun faɗa cikin matsalar "juyawar farashi".

Tasirin hauhawar farashi ya ci gaba da yaɗuwa a sarkar masana'antu: kamfanonin laminate na jan ƙarfe da ke sama sun daidaita farashin sosai saboda hauhawar farashin kayan masarufi, tare da wasu ƙaruwa da kashi 20% cikin mako guda kuma lokutan isarwa sun faɗaɗa sosai; a fannin kayan aiki masu aiki, masana'antun cikin gida da na ƙasashen waje kamar Yageo da Fenghua Advanced Technology sun ƙara farashi ɗaya bayan ɗaya. Daga cikinsu, masu amfani da thermistors sun ga hauhawar farashi musamman saboda hauhawar farashin kayan ƙarfe, tare da wasu samfura suna ƙaruwa da sama da kashi 35%; a fannin semiconductor, kamfanoni kamar SMIC da Texas Instruments sun ƙara farashin kayan gini da guntu a lokaci guda. A matsayinsu na kayan semiconductor na asali, diodes gabaɗaya sun ƙaru a farashi da kashi 15%-25% saboda hauhawar farashin wafers da kayan lantarki na ƙarfe.

Kamfanonin da ke ƙasa suna fuskantar matsin lamba a bayyane. ASUS ta yi gargadin cewa farashin PC zai tashi da kashi 25%-30% a kwata na biyu, masana'antun wayar hannu kamar OPPO da vivo sun ƙaddamar da gyare-gyaren farashi, kuma ribar da manyan kamfanoni kamar Lenovo da Xiaomi suka samu ya ci gaba da raguwa. Masu sharhi a masana'antu sun nuna cewa wannan zagayen hauhawar farashi yana faruwa ne sakamakon hauhawar kayan masarufi da kuma buƙatar AI mai ƙarfi, kuma rashin daidaiton buƙatun wadata yana da wuya a rage shi a cikin ɗan gajeren lokaci. A halin yanzu, duk hanyoyin haɗin sarkar masana'antu suna mayar da martani ga matsin lamba ta hanyar inganta hanyoyin aiki da daidaita tsare-tsare, kuma masana'antun China na cikin gida suma sun samar da wata dama ta samun wasu ci gaba. Dangane da wannan yanayi na hauhawar farashin kayan masarufi, tare da haɗa manyan kasuwancinmu na diodes da thermistors, kamfaninmu ya tsara wasu matakan martani: na farko, inganta tsarin sarkar samar da kayayyaki, sanya hannu kan yarjejeniyoyi na dogon lokaci na haɗin gwiwa tare da masu samar da kayan masarufi, kulle farashin kayan masarufi masu mahimmanci kamar jan ƙarfe da wafers, da rage haɗarin canjin farashi; na biyu, haɓaka hanyoyin samarwa, inganta ingancin samar da diodes da thermistors ta hanyar haɓaka fasaha, rage asarar kayan masarufi a kowace samfurin, da kuma daidaita matsin farashi; na uku, inganta tsarin samfurin, ƙara saka hannun jari a cikin R&D a cikin nau'ikan diode da thermistor masu ƙima mai yawa, haɓaka gasa a samfura, da rage matsin riba na samfuran masu rahusa; na huɗu, ƙarfafa sadarwa tare da abokan ciniki na ƙasa, daidaita yanayin hauhawar farashin kayan masarufi, da kuma samar da tsare-tsaren siyan kayayyaki masu sassauƙa don cimma wadata da buƙata ta cin nasara da kuma mayar da martani ga canje-canjen masana'antu akai-akai.